A ranar 26 ga watan Yuli ne gwamnatin tarayyar Jamus ta amince da wani sabon salo na dabarun makamashin hydrogen na kasa, tare da fatan kara habaka tattalin arzikin kasar Jamus don taimaka mata wajen cimma burinta na tsaka mai wuya a shekarar 2045.
Jamus na neman fadada dogaro da hydrogen a matsayin wata hanyar samar da makamashi a nan gaba don rage hayaki mai gurbata muhalli daga sassan masana'antu masu gurbata muhalli kamar karafa da sinadarai, da kuma rage dogaro da man da ake shigowa da su daga waje.Shekaru uku da suka gabata, a watan Yuni 2020, Jamus ta fitar da dabarun makamashin hydrogen na kasa a karon farko.
Burin koren hydrogen ya ninka sau biyu
Sabuwar sigar sakin dabarun shine ƙarin sabuntawa na dabarun asali, galibi gami da haɓaka haɓakar tattalin arzikin hydrogen, duk sassan za su sami damar shiga kasuwar hydrogen daidai, duk hydrogen da ke dacewa da yanayi ana la'akari da su, haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar hydrogen. na kayan aikin hydrogen, haɗin gwiwar kasa da kasa Ƙarin haɓakawa, da dai sauransu, don haɓaka tsarin aiki don samar da makamashin hydrogen, sufuri, aikace-aikace da kasuwanni.
Green hydrogen, wanda ake samarwa ta hanyar samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa kamar hasken rana da iska, shine kashin bayan shirin Jamus na yaye kanta daga albarkatun mai a nan gaba.Idan aka kwatanta da burin da aka tsara shekaru uku da suka gabata, gwamnatin Jamus ta ninka burin samar da iskar hydrogen a cikin sabuwar dabarar.Dabarar ta yi nuni da cewa nan da shekarar 2030, karfin samar da iskar hydrogen na Jamus zai kai 10GW kuma zai mai da kasar ta zama "masharar samar da wutar lantarki".babban mai samar da fasaha”.
Bisa hasashen da aka yi, nan da shekarar 2030, bukatar hydrogen na Jamus zai kai 130 TWh.Wannan buƙatar na iya kaiwa 600 TWh nan da 2045 idan Jamus za ta zama tsaka-tsakin yanayi.
Don haka, ko da an karu da karfin wutar lantarki na cikin gida zuwa 10GW nan da shekarar 2030, kashi 50 zuwa 70% na bukatun hydrogen na Jamus za a samu ta hanyar shigo da kayayyaki, kuma wannan adadin zai ci gaba da hauhawa a cikin 'yan shekaru masu zuwa.
Sakamakon haka, gwamnatin Jamus ta ce tana aiki da wata dabara ta daban ta shigo da hydrogen.Bugu da kari, ana shirin gina bututun makamashin hydrogen mai nisan kilomita 1,800 a kasar Jamus tun daga shekarar 2027-2028 ta hanyar sabon gini ko gyarawa.
"Saba hannun jari a hydrogen yana saka hannun jari a makomarmu, a cikin kariyar yanayi, a aikin fasaha da kuma samar da makamashi," in ji mataimakin shugaban gwamnati da ministan tattalin arziki na Jamus Habeck.
Ci gaba da tallafawa hydrogen blue
A karkashin tsarin da aka sabunta, gwamnatin Jamus tana so ta hanzarta ci gaban kasuwar hydrogen kuma "ta haɓaka darajar dukkan darajar darajar".Ya zuwa yanzu, tallafin tallafi na gwamnati ya iyakance ga koren hydrogen, kuma burin ya kasance "don samun ingantaccen samar da kore, hydrogen mai dorewa a Jamus".
Baya ga matakan haɓaka ci gaban kasuwa a yankuna da yawa (tabbatar da isassun iskar hydrogen nan da 2030, gina ingantattun ababen more rayuwa da aikace-aikacen hydrogen, ƙirƙirar ingantaccen tsarin tsarin), sabbin shawarwarin da suka dace kuma sun shafi tallafin jihohi don nau'ikan hydrogen daban-daban.
Ko da yake tallafin kuɗi kai tsaye don samar da makamashin hydrogen da aka gabatar a cikin sabon dabarun ya iyakance ga samar da hydrogen na kore, aikace-aikacen hydrogen da aka samar daga burbushin mai (wanda ake kira blue hydrogen), wanda aka kama da adana iskar carbon dioxide, shima yana iya karɓa. goyon bayan jiha..
Kamar yadda dabarar ta ce, ya kamata a yi amfani da hydrogen a wasu launuka har sai an sami isasshen hydrogen.A cikin mahallin rikicin Rasha da Ukraine da matsalar makamashi, makasudin tsaro na wadata ya zama mafi mahimmanci.
Ana kara ganin sinadarin hydrogen da ake samu daga wutar lantarki da ake iya sabuntawa a matsayin magani ga bangarori kamar su masana'antu masu nauyi da jiragen sama tare da hayaki mai tsauri musamman wajen yaki da sauyin yanayi.Har ila yau, ana ganin ta a matsayin wata hanya ta ƙarfafa tsarin wutar lantarki tare da tsire-tsire na hydrogen a matsayin ajiyar kuɗi a lokacin lokutan ƙarancin sabuntawa.
Baya ga cece-ku-ce kan ko za a tallafa wa nau'o'in samar da hydrogen daban-daban, fannin aikace-aikacen makamashin hydrogen shi ma ya kasance abin da aka fi maida hankali a kai.Dabarar hydrogen da aka sabunta ta bayyana cewa bai kamata a takaita amfani da hydrogen a wurare daban-daban na aikace-aikace ba.
Duk da haka, ya kamata a mayar da kuɗin kuɗin ƙasa a kan wuraren da ake buƙatar amfani da hydrogen "cikakkiyar buƙata ko kuma babu wani madadin".Dabarun makamashin hydrogen na ƙasar Jamus yayi la'akari da yuwuwar yawaita aikace-aikacen hydrogen.An dai mai da hankali ne kan hada kan sassa da sauye-sauyen masana'antu, amma kuma gwamnatin Jamus tana goyon bayan amfani da sinadarin hydrogen a fannin sufuri a nan gaba.Green hydrogen yana da mafi girman yuwuwar a cikin masana'antu, a cikin sauran sassa masu wuyar yankewa kamar su jirgin sama da sufurin ruwa, da kuma matsayin abinci don tafiyar da sinadarai.
Dabarar ta bayyana cewa, inganta ingancin makamashi da kuma hanzarta fadada makamashin da ake iya sabuntawa na da matukar muhimmanci wajen cimma muradun yanayi na Jamus.Har ila yau, ya nuna cewa yin amfani da wutar lantarki kai tsaye ya fi dacewa a mafi yawan lokuta, kamar a cikin motocin lantarki ko kuma na'urorin zafi, saboda ƙananan asarar da ake yi na juyawa idan aka kwatanta da amfani da hydrogen.
Don jigilar hanyoyi, hydrogen za a iya amfani da shi ne kawai a cikin manyan motocin kasuwanci masu nauyi, yayin da a cikin dumama shi za a yi amfani da shi a cikin "masu keɓantacce," in ji gwamnatin Jamus.
Wannan haɓaka dabarar yana nuna himma da burin Jamus na haɓaka makamashin hydrogen.Dabarar ta bayyana a fili cewa nan da 2030, Jamus za ta zama "babban mai samar da fasahar hydrogen" da kuma kafa tsarin ci gaba ga masana'antar makamashin hydrogen a matakan Turai da na duniya, kamar hanyoyin ba da lasisi, matakan haɗin gwiwa da tsarin takaddun shaida, da dai sauransu.
Masana makamashin Jamus sun ce har yanzu makamashin hydrogen wani bangare ne da ya bata na canjin makamashi a halin yanzu.Ba za a iya watsi da shi ba cewa yana ba da damar haɗuwa da tsaro na makamashi, tsaka-tsakin yanayi da haɓaka gasa.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-08-2023
